Diamonds :: essays research papers

A Diamond is one of the two natural minerals that are produced from carbon. The other mineral is Graphite. Even though both of these minerals are produced from the same element ,carbon, they have totally different characteristics. One of the most obvious difference is that Diamond is hard and Graphite is soft. The Diamond is considered to be the most hardest substance found in nature. It scores a perfect ten in hardness. Because of its hardness a tiny Diamond is used as a cutting and drilling tool in industry. Even the Greeks called the Diamond â€Å"adamas† which means unconquerable. Diamonds also conducts heat better than any other mineral .   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Diamonds come in several different color shades such as, yellow, blue, green, or pink. One reason why a Diamond has different colors is through the processes involving heat and radiation. Another reason is that 99.5% of a Diamond is Carbon and the rest are different trace elements. These 0.5% of elements are the reason why a Diamond has different color shades. For example Nitrogen causes it to have a yellow tint , and Boron a blue shade. The pink color in some Diamonds are thought to be caused by deformation of the atomic structure of the diamond crystal. A pure Diamond , which would be 100% carbon, is colorless Diamonds were created million years ago, when the earth was formed, the material experienced pressure of 5million times the atmosphere at sea level and temperatures between 1000~1200degreesC. These conditions caused carbon in the layers inside the planet to crystallize into diamonds. The diamonds moved up to the earth’s surface through volcano eruptions. This is why many Diamond mines are near volcanoes. Diamonds occur in two types of rock: Kimberlite and Lamprolite. Diamonds are mostly found in South Africa, India, Brazil, Russia, Australia, and Arkansas. Right now about 100million carats are mined each year. Today the largest cut Diamond in the world is the Cullian I at 530.2ct . The unit cell of a Diamond is cube. Five carbon atoms form tetrahedra at the cube corners , at the centers of each of the cube faces, and at four sites within the cube. The carbon atoms are located at the center of each tetrahedron . The carbon tetrahedra are covalently bonded, which explains why diamonds are extremely hard. The toughness of the Diamond comes from four planar directions of weakness , it is called octahedral cleavage .

Beauty Pageants and Our Children Essay

Alost 3 million children, most of them girls, from the ages of 6 months and 17 years compete in beauty pageants annually in America. Competition can be local and national and they compete in categories such as swimwear, talent, costume of your choice, and eveningwear. This is an industry where mothers give her daughter energy drinks for a boost before pageants, 3-year-olds don fake fingernails, and parents regularly spend five thousand dollars on a child’s pageant outfit (O’Neill 1). Beauty pageants have negative consequences on America’s youth contestants through the pressure to be â€Å"perfect,† media influences, and child sexualization, which results in exhaustion, eating disorders, and body image issues in their future. In recent years, the child beauty pageant industry has exponentially grown in size and popularity. This growth is mainly due to television shows, such as Toddlers & Tiaras and Here Comes Honey Boo Boo that may be entertaining but exploit little girls in the process. These reality shows expose the behind-the-scenes horrors of beauty pageants that most people were oblivious too before. These shows have also revealed the use of energy supplements to improve the contestants performance, age-inappropriate costumes, intense and painful beauty regimens. Alana Thompson, featured on TLC’s Toddlers & Tiaras, is a seven-year-old beauty queen, nicknamed Honey Boo Boo, whose mother frequently gives her the infamous â€Å"Go-Go Juice†, a mix of Red Bull and Mountain Dew, before pageants. It is common knowledge that energy drinks are bad for one’s health, but every nutritionist in the world would agree that Red Bull for a seven-year-old is tremendously dangerous. Alana now has her own reality television show Here Comes Honey Boo Boo. Parents are not only harming their children’s health but also their moral. On one Toddlers & Tiaras episode, Paisley, merely 3-years-old, sported a costume based on the prostitute in Pretty Woman. In a 2011 episode, Madiysyn â€Å"Mady† Verst‘s mother filled out the then-4-year-old’s chest with fake breasts and an impossibly round behind for a Dolly Parton routine. Experts in child development argue the difference between playing dress-up and making a profession out of it. â€Å"Little girls are supposed to play with dolls, not be dolls,† says Mark Sichel, a New York-based licensed clinical social worker, who calls the extreme grooming common at pageants â€Å"a form of child abuse.† Playing dress-up â€Å"is normal and healthy, but when it’s demanded, it leaves the child not knowing what they want,† he says. Accentuating their appearance with such accoutrements as fake hair, teeth, spray tans and breast padding â€Å"causes the children tremendous confusion, wondering why they are not okay without those things† (Triggs 1). All of this confusion and body image problems is instilled in child beauty pageant contestants at a very young age. Ultimately, this leads to eating disorders, psychological issues, and relationship problems in the contestants’ later years. A study conducted at the University of Minnesota by Anna Wonderlich, Diann Ackard, and Judith Henderson showed the correlation between childhood beauty pageants and adult disordered eating, body dissatisfaction, depression, and self-esteem (Wonderlich 1). The results of this scientific experiment proved that for all the tests that assessed characteristics of anorexia and bulimia nervosa scores for those who had participated in beauty pageants were higher than scores for those who had not participated (Wonderlich 5). These results indicate a significant association between childhood beauty pageant participation and increased body dissatisfaction, difficulty trusting interpersonal relationships, and greater impulsive behaviors, and indicate a trend toward increased feelings of ineffectiveness (Wonderlich 6). Another example of the destructive effects of childhood beauty pageant is Brooke Breedwell, now nineteen, who was a child pageant contestant and a star of the television documentary, â€Å"Painted Babies.† â€Å"As a girl, [Breedwell] suffered from stress and anxiety while striving for an unrealistic standard of perfection. [In various interviews], she explains that her mother’s ambition, coupled with her own obsessive drive to win, resulted in severe social and psychological consequences† (Ahrens 86). Another negative consequence of childhood beauty pageants is the disturbing sexualization of young girls that steals away their treasured innocence–as if eating disorders and body image problems were not enough. Former child beauty queen Nicole Hunter confirms this theory by explaining that â€Å"dressing and acting like a woman at a young age compelled her to prematurely confront her sexuality, which in turn lowered her self-esteem† (Liberman 741). The child pageant circuit concentrates on the ideals of perfection and beauty, with an accompanying focus on sexuality. Innocent girls dressed in skimpy costumes parade and dance, remove pieces of their outfits and wink at judges. Basically, young beauty queens are taught to flirt and manipulate their early sexuality in order to win. Though frequently condemned for such eccentric and damaging practices, the child pageant industry has been gaining success and extensive popularity (Liberman 745). Additionally, reporter Richard Goldstein investigated the JonBenet Ramsey, a child beauty queen, murder case and brought to the surface both our horror at how effectively a child can be constructed as a sexual being and our guilt at the please we take in such a sight (Giroux 50). Her dynamic role in pageants was vastly examined by media after the murder. After JonBenet’s highly publicized murder, the problems of child beauty pageants, especially the degradation of young girls, are first brought to society’s attention. Although many pageant parents argue that the press unfairly focused on the connection of beauty pageants to Jon Benet’s murder, these defenders rarely address the concerns of robbing a child of her virtue by depicting young girls as â€Å"sexualized nymphets.† They have little to say about what adolescents actually gain in pageants. Those in favor of the pageants overlook how a child might see herself and her ability to form relationships with society when her feelings of self-worth is defined solely through a belief that beauty is one-dimensional and patronizing (Giroux 54-55). No five-year-old child enjoys getting her hair ripped out and teased, spending hours each day practicing exhausting dance routines, or devoting every weekend traveling to pageants rather than playing with friends. It is the beauty pageant contestant’s mother who forces them to endure these strenuous and sometimes painful rituals in order to achieve their own satisfaction. When feminist writer-performer, StaceyAnn Chin first saw Toddlers & Tiaras she was â€Å"flabbergasted by the parents who were so invested in these contests they got angry if their girls showed any signs of flagging.† In regards to the infamous pageant moms, Chin states that, † the pageant reminded me a little of dog shows–tiny, powerless competitors trained to do as they are told, with trainers who exploit their charges to gain fame and fortune and live out some archaic dream they once had for themselves† (Chin 1). The vast majority of pageant moms deny the harmful effects beauty pageants have own their child. Pageant mothers often â€Å"neutralize† their deviant behavior of enrolling their daughter in pageants by claiming pageants help their daughter rather than hurt. Also, mothers deny their own responsibility as the accountable parent by claiming that her daughter chooses to participate in beauty pageants (Pannell 68). Every single pageant mom asked in a study about childhood beauty pageants talked about competitors winning prize money, crowns, trophies and gifts in child beauty pageants (Mosel-Talavera 81). Some mothers deceptively sign their children up for pageants to exploit their daughters financially. One pageant mother says that there is a very infamous pageant child that always wins a large sum of money, ‘There is one little girl down South – she’s the daughter of one of the biggest known photographers. In six weeks’ time she went from pageant to pageant and won like $40,000.’ In the summer of 2005, there was another child, whose mother also owns a pageant business, who won three cars at pageants (Levey 204-205). These examples clearly reveal the evils of parents exploiting their children in pageants for their own selfish rewards. In childhood beauty pageants, the pressure from parents, influence from the media, and the desire to win all lead to disastrous consequences for the participants, which will stay with them for the rest of their life. Eating disorders, body image issues, and an early loss of innocence are just a few of the consequences these precious girls will have to deal with in their lifetime. No child should have to struggle with these problems at such a young age. Although little girls dressed up in frilly dresses and tiaras may be cute, there is a fine line between a fun beauty pageant and ruining a young girls life.

How A Buyer Has Numerous Benefit Options For The Procedure...

A buyer has numerous benefit options to choose from. The following are the suggested options: 1. A Center of Excellence (COE) Only Benefit: Under this benefit design, patients are signified to a COE for evaluation and determined to see whether they are applicable aspirants for a knee or hip replacement procedure. If the candidate qualifies for the procedure, the benefit is enclosed and the provider is paid a bundled payment. If an individual does not qualify for the procedure, there is no insurance benefit for the procedure at any facility. 2. Reference Pricing: Under reference pricing, a benefit price is established for a set of services. Some providers will bill at or below the reference price; some providers will bill†¦show more content†¦These approaches give the patient a broad choice of providers and some financial incentive – in the form of lower cost-sharing – to seek care from a provider participating in the bundled payment program. However, to create enough â€Å"steerage† to these providers, the incentives will have to be significant; providers may think twice about participating in bundled payment if patients still have a broad choice of providers. Purchasers are likely to be more successful at getting providers to accept bundled payment if providers can expect greater patient volume when they do. To achieve maximum savings and better patient outcomes by driving volume to high-value providers, CPR recommends benefit design approaches that create incentives for enrollees to seek care from them. Options 1 and 2 above are examples of benefit designs that are more likely to yield higher results than those strategies that offer modest benefit design differentials between a bundled payment provider and a non-bundled payment provider. In the end, determining your benefit design strategy comes first; designing and developing the network will follow. Employee education and benefit designs that either encourage or require the use of treatment decision support (TDS) tools can help consumers feel better about their treatment decisions and prepare them for more aggressive benefit strategies that steer patients

Corporate Fraud, Greed, Corruption, And Ethics - 1598 Words

I. Introduction Corporate fraud, greed, corruption, what company comes to mind when you hear those words? Enron! In this paper we will take a look into the corporate facts and history as well as, stakeholder relationships, organizational trust issues, ethical leadership and ethical culture at Enron. As well as where improvements could have been made to improve organizational trust and ethical culture before Enron’s collapse. II. Corporate Facts and History According to the Texas State Historical Association, organized in Omaha, Nebraska in 1930, InterNorth began as Northern Natural Gas Company.1 With revenues up to $7.5, it was one of the nation s premier pipeline networks. 1 To avoid potential takeover from corporate raiders, CEO Sam Segnar looked to buy Houston Natural Gas. In May 1985 InterNorth acquire Houston Natural Gas for $2.4 billion. Houston Natural Gas was originally formed in the 1920s from the Houston Oil Co., providing gas to Houston retail customers.1 According to the Texas State Historical Association, Houston Natural Gas had assets of $3.7 billion, sales of over $2 billion, and profits of $123 million.1 The two companies would be known as HNG/InterNorth and would be headquartered in Nebraska with Segnar as chairman and CEO. In 1986, Segnar retired and Kenneth Lay was named chairman and CEO. The company was renamed to Enron and the headquarters office moved to Houston According to the Texas State Historical Association, Enron, operated one of theShow MoreRelatedWorldcom Failure1198 Words   |  5 Pagesunprecedented number of corporate scandals: Enron, Tyco, Global Crossing, etc. In many ways, WorldCom is just another case of failed corporate governance, accounting abuses, and outright greed. Many people may question if there is a secret to operating a successful business in modern times. 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He describes in detail how the sport of golf can get someone connections (even if personal pride is sacrificed) in the government. He further narrates that greed was the cause of some local disasters in the construction business like the Ruby Tower collapse, copper mining disaster and the Film Center accident. After failing to win bids in Malaysia and Indonesia, the young engineer went back home to the PhilippinesRead MoreThe Ethics Of The Enron Case1622 Words   |  7 PagesThe Enron case is well known for being the largest corporate bankruptcy in American history. Thousands of people world-w ide lost billions of dollars, lost life savings, and lost their jobs. Due to the vast corruption, greed and the blatant disregard for integrity from the very top of Enron leadership, world markets crumbled and investor confidence in corporate America was severely damaged (Chandra, 2003.) 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What Makes A Success - 1157 Words

What is Success? In today’s society, people have different views or opinions about success. It could be wealth, fame, power, or respect. My parents, I feel, are very successful people. They go to work everyday to support me and pay bills. They make sure that I have everything I need and not my wants. In that case, I asked both of my parents what their definition of success is. My dad gave me a great example, high school. He said that finishing high school can be my success. He said success is achieving most goals that you set for yourself. For example, my goal was to get accepted by Florida Atlantic University. Fortunately, that goal has been accomplished. My mom also gave me her definition of success is and how it is measured. She†¦show more content†¦Reporters spend on a lot of time interviewing people and investigating stories that could later be breaking news. Reporters are always traveling and spend no time in the office. This occupation is full time. The work is often hastily, with high demands to meet deadlines and to be the first reporter to publish a news story on a subject (Reporters, Correspondents, and Broadcast News Analysts). Reporters may need to work long hours or change their work schedule in order to follow breaking news (Reporters, Correspondents, and Broadcast News Analysts). News stories can happen at anytime of the day so journalists work night and weekdays ((Reporters, Correspondents, and Broadcast News Analysts). There are a few job qualifications for attaining a job like this. A bachelor’s degree in communications or journalism is the most favorable asset when evaluated by employers. They always recommend one to have experience with print or broadcasting preferably in the field (Reporter Training Information). Any kind of education should contain experience through internships or part-time work through a broadcast station. Further experience can be gained working at any school, U.S. Armed Forces, or station publi cations. Students should also apply for journalism based scholarships offered by many colleges and foundations (Reporter Training Information). Reporters typically begin their careers at smaller stations or publications and move on to larger ones later in their career.

Background information on how the development LASIK Free Essays

Introduction Over the thousands last years, human has experienced many ways to redress their sight. One of the most significant inventions was an eyeglass which is discovered in 1268 by Roger Bacon. This invention has developed through creation contact lenses (Teagle Optometry, 2007). We will write a custom essay sample on Background information on how the development LASIK or any similar topic only for you Order Now However, the majority of humans who wear glasses or contact lenses are bothering from it. Therefore, Jose Barraquer discovered LASIK in 1950, which is considered one of the recent technologies in vision correction. LASIK is a Latin word that indicates to create a thin layer of the cornea (black eye) and then using the laser vision correction (LASIK Portal, 2010). Background information on how the development LASIK Lasik is one of the most important types of eye surgery in advance medical that intended for improving in particular Myopia, Hyperopia and Astigmatism. It was invention by Jose Barraquer at the first time, where he effectuated the first operationto reduce the thin flaps in the cornea to change its shape by keratomileusis. By 1981, the Alaximr Laser was been founded which worked on ultraviolet radiation, and it was used at the first time by Rangaswamy Srinivasan to decrease tissue in specific way through extract layers of thin films without any effects thermal in surrounding area. As a result, he could use this kind of Laser without any side effect compared to different type of Laser which worked in the field of visible radiation. After a number of experiments, the Lasik technique has been improved in 1990 by Ioannis Pallikaris and Lucio Buratto to become more accuracy than keratomileusis. All of these results led Stephen Brint and Stephen Slade to performed surgery operation in the United States for the first time (Ezine Articles, 2011). With the development of technology, Lasik has become more fast than before and it has been improved to be better (Wikipedia, 2011). The way the LASIK has affected peoples’ lives; . The majority of humans bother from wearing spectacles or contact lenses therefore they want to eliminate them by Lasik. Lasik has many positive effects on humans including that Lasik has ability to accurately correct most layers of Myopia, Hyperopia and Astigmatism. Moreover, its surgery occupies five to ten minutes with painless or very little pain. It is one of the easiest operations because it is operated by computer and does not require any stitches after it.One of the most important factors of Lasik that most patients are not longer needed corrective glasses. Conclusion How to cite Background information on how the development LASIK, Essay examples

Business Information Systems Through the Application of ICT

Question: Discuss about the Business Information Systems ICT. Answer: Introduction An Information system consists of an organized group of components that collect, organize, store and communicate information. Business information systems are the applications and programs that have been built to enable business digitize business processes, activities as well as outputs through the application of ICT. This report attempts to discuss the importance of information systems to businesses and their challenges to SMEs. The report will also touch on cloud computing, cloud services as well as recommendations to SMEs for implementing successful cloud computing. Necessity of information systems to todays business Operational excellence to achieve high efficiency and productivity levels, businesses ought to utilize information systems on a daily basis. For world-class operations using an information system, an organization ought to adopt proper business practices as well as ensuring that its managers are supportive of their adoption (Laudon and Laudon, 2014). Addition or implementation of new products and services adoption of information systems enable a business to implement and add new products or services eg Apple Inc built iPod through which it was able to distribute and sell music online (Laudon and Laudon, 2014). Promotion of customer and supplier relationship with the business if a business is able to properly understand its customers, it is then able to serve them well. This increases customer loyalty and hence continuous revenues and profits. Also with the supplier, increased engagement with them ensures a continuous supply of important inputs. To attain a reliable relationship with customers and suppliers, an information system would be imperative to include in the business. For example; high-end hotels have adopted the use of computers in to be able to track preferences of their guests such as check-in hour, temperatures in their rooms, favorite foods etc. The information systems are able to generate data which is analyzed by the hotel for targeted advertising (Laudon and Laudon, 2014). Decision making information systems are capable of providing a business with real time data which enables the management to make proper decisions such as to reduce or increase production as well as where to allocate resources depending on performance. Survival - information systems are themselves a necessity for doing business. These include ATMs in banks as well as X-Ray machines in hospitals (Laudon and Laudon, 2014). Trends in the business environment that make information systems essential Growth of cloud computing the emergence and growth of Software as a Service (SaaS) has been one of the major trends in the business environment necessitating the adoption of information systems. Tasks are now being performed by using applications and programs hosted on remote computers Big data this has led to the need for tools specialized in data management and handling. Huge volumes of data are being generated on a daily basis and this includes web traffic, social media as well as emails and documents generated by users or employees. Growth of mobile digital platforms these have emerged to compete with the desktop and personal computers as the next digital frontiers. For example, Apples iPhone and Googles Android devices such as phones, tablets/iPads are capable of downloading a large number of applications which support communication, services that are based on location and collaboration among teams within a business (Laudon and Laudon, 2014). Management challenges Information systems investment this involves organizations trying to obtain business related value from their information systems investment. The management of a business is always faced with the challenge of making proper returns from the information systems they have invested in. Strategic business this challenge involves trying to find out the complementary resources and assets which an organization requires in order to efficiently utilize information systems. Globalization this involves the attempt to understand the requirements of a system in global economic context or environment. Increase and growth of the international trade has led to the need for information systems that can support buying and selling in different countries. Considering the differences in culture especially language and politics, a business is forced to develop or purchase multinational software that consists of transnational processes that may be risky to transmit on international networks. IT Infrastructure investment challenge considering the rapid rate at which information technology is changing, the management is facing challenges in investing in information technology infrastructure which can still support the organizations goals in the face of the rapid changes. It is difficult to create digital infrastructure considering that operations in an organization are handled by different versions of computer hardware and software which may not be compatible. Ethics and security challenge this involves responsibility and control of information systems. The management is faced with the task of ensuring that once the information systems have been installed, they are used in an ethical and responsible manner as well as enabling people to control and understand them. Installation of information systems in an organization have led to new problems pertaining to ethics and security. They include threats to privacy of individuals who interact with the systems such as customers and suppliers. Other problems include intellectual property, health problems that are related to repeated use of computers, cyber crimes as well as loss of jobs. There is a persistent struggle in majority of organizations in trying to maintain security of their information systems. This includes protecting them from access by unauthorized outsiders, ensuring safety of inputs and protecting sending of wrong outputs (Samiappan, 2010). Cloud computing This is the consumption of computing resources over the Internet or remotely instead of building and maintaining computing resources locally (Bigelow, 2016). Types of cloud services Everything as a Service this is provided to all hardware and software users in order to control processes pertaining to their businesses. This includes interaction between customers as well as users or employees of the organization. Infrastructure as a Service this consists of computing infrastructure provided to the users of ZCM and it consists of virtual computing platforms which are networked for ease in access by users. Platform as a Service consists of the operating system and necessary software for success execution of business processes at ZCM. Software as a Service this involves deploying software that users at ZCM would need to use on remote servers instead of local servers. Hardware as a Service this is where ZCM will lease remote hardware for their use. Workplace as a Service ZCM can use this service to organize employee activities by through installation of necessary software required by the ZCM personel Data as a Service this consists of provision to ZCM of a storage space. They can use this space to store or backup large amounts of information imperative to them. Security as a Service Security as a service is provided thus helping their clients to save on the costs of installing and maintaining their own security systems. Therefore, ZCM products utilizing the web can easily be secured with the latest security systems which are up-to-date. (Ganore, 2012) Recommendations for implementing a successful Cloud computing for SMEs First finding out how the cloud service provider keeps data secure for the SME when an SME decides to use a cloud service, it should take upon itself to find out how secure is its data in the cloud. Most of the cloud computing service providers usually have complied with international standards of security including having personnel who are dedicated as well as qualified in security maintenance and troubleshooting. These service providers also have top-of-the-range security devices and procedures that are usually better than an IT departments security measures. Therefore, SME ought to review the security standards employed by the cloud service provider in order to be safe. Deciding on the data to be moved to the cloud this will involve an SME conducting a review internally with the stakeholders in order to identify what data to move to the cloud with respect to the vendors standards related to security and privacy compared to those of the SME. Reviewing the service level agreement the most important consideration to make would be on the guarantees available in the event of service outage. It is advisable to consider using more than one cloud service provider or using a service provider who has the services hosted across multiple regions. Development of a backup and disaster recovery plan data backup and/or redundancy should be well planned in order to ensure data is safeguarded in the event of a disaster. It is advisable to adopt those companies that enable regular export and secure backup in the cloud. Ensuring compliance with available privacy requirements the SME ought to ensure compliance with the regulations pertaining to the data hosted in servers within a country as well as those outside the country. (Galonis, 2011) Conclusion This report provides a discussion on information systems in business and cloud computing among SMEs. Considering that modern customers are tech savvy, it is important for business to shift to digital business practices in order to reap benefits of using information systems among clients who are knowledgeable of their importance and power. Cloud computing enable SMEs to save on costs that would have been incurred in the setup of local computing infrastructure that may end up being obsolete within a short time or requiring expensive upgrades. References Beal, V. (n.d.).What is Cloud Computing? Webopedia Definition. [online] Webopedia.com. Available at: https://www.webopedia.com/TERM/C/cloud_computing.html [Accessed 21 May 2017]. Bigelow, S. (2016).What is cloud computing? - Definition from WhatIs.com. [online] SearchCloudComputing. Available at: https://searchcloudcomputing.techtarget.com/definition/cloud-computing [Accessed 21 May 2017]. ?andrli?, G. (2013).Types of Cloud Computing Explained | GlobalDots. [online] GlobalDots - CDN, Security and Performance Solutions. Available at: https://www.globaldots.com/cloud-computing-types-of-cloud/ [Accessed 21 May 2017]. CargoSmartOn. (n.d.).Five Best Practices for a Successful Cloud Computing Implementation | CargoSmartOn. 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Available at: https://support.rackspace.com/white-paper/understanding-the-cloud-computing-stack-saas-paas-iaas/ [Accessed 21 May 2017]. Laudon, K. and Laudon, J. (2014).Management information systems. 13th ed. Boston: Pearson, pp.45-47. Paginas.fe.up.pt. (n.d.).:::---MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS---:::Chapter 1. [online] Available at: https://paginas.fe.up.pt/~acbrito/laudon/ch1/chpt1-4main.htm [Accessed 20 May 2017]. Samiappan, S. (2010).MBA Trim2-Mis Notes. [online] Slideshare.net. Available at: https://www.slideshare.net/saranhvbs/mba-trim2mis-notes [Accessed 21 May 2017]. UKEssays. (2015).Management Information Concepts Information Technology Essay. [online] Available at: https://www.ukessays.com/essays/information-technology/management-information-concepts-information-technology-essay.php [Accessed 20 May 2017].